The Lady and the Unicorn Tapestries

The Lady and the Unicorn tapestries are among the most beautiful and captivating masterpieces of Medieval times. And almost as captivating as the tapestries themselves is their wonderfully chequered history.

These works of art were undiscovered until 1844 when they were found by French dramatist and historian Proper Merimee in Boussac Castle. The novelist Georges Sands brought them to public attention in her novels . Badly damaged by damp, they were bought by the Cluny Museum in Paris in 1853 and restored. They are now displayed in their own circular room at the museum.

The designer and weavers of the Lady and the Unicorn series are unknown but experts estimate they were woven in the late 15th century. It is thought that the series were commissioned by the Le Viste family, of which the head was Jean Le Viste, a nobleman in the court of King Charles VII, as the coat of arms on the standards, including the lion and the unicorn, represented the family.

The decorative floral background of each tapestry is the same. The Mille Fleurs pattern, meaning the thousand flowers is a style most associated with the Bruges and Brussels areas of Flanders in Belgium so it is widely thought that the tapestries were made there.

The beautifully woven tapestries use the Lhalluin weaving techniques with bold colors and intricate detailing. Each tapestry features the same subjects, a beautiful lady and a mythical creature, a unicorn. A lion also appears in each scene. However the theme for each is slightly different. The inclusion of other animals a rabbit, birds, a monkey adds to the world of fantasy and complement the enigmatic images.

The six tapestries are said to represent the five senses taste, hearing, sight, smell and touch with the sixth often interpreted as love.

In the sight tapestry a woman is seen holding a mirror, the ubiquitous unicorn reflected in its glass. The tapestry representing hearing sees the woman playing a musical instrument, the lion and the unicorn standing at either side framing the scene. In the third tapestry the lady is seen taking a piece of candy as a celebration of taste. The lion and the unicorn once again feature, lying on their back. Representing touch, in the fourth tapestry the lady holds the unicorns horn as the lion looks on. In the fifth tapestry we see the lady making a wreath of fresh flowers. The lion and unicorn once again frame the scene whilst a monkey smells one of the flowers demonstrating the theme.

Adorned by the words A Mon Seul Desir meaning to my soul desire, the sixth tapestry in the series is larger than the rest and differs in theme. The tapestry depicts a lady holding a necklace whilst her maidservant holds an open chest. A tent in the image is said to represent the ladys soul desire, which she is about to enter.

Some interpretations see the tapestries as representing virginity, based on an ancient myth that only a pure virgin could tame the unicorn. Others interpretation sees the lady putting the necklace into the chest as a denial of the passions aroused in the other tapestries. Yet another version sees this tapestry as representing a sixth sense of understanding or empathy. The latter explanation is taken from the sermons of Jean Gerson, a lecturer at the University of Paris around 1420.

The mystery surrounding the story of the tapestry has inspired works of literature. Best selling author of Tracy Chevalier, inspired by the layers of symbolic meanings in the series, decided the tapestries would make an ideal subject for a novel. Centering on a young artist man torn between Love and Duty, the story has all the passion and uncertainty of the images themselves. Her colorful and enchanting interpretation of how the tapestries came to be created did justice to the rich, vibrant tapestries.

The original Lady and the Unicorn tapestries are currently displayed in Pariss Musee National du Moyen-Age Thermes de Cluny but reproductions are still being bought today to compliment home dcor. The tapestries, rich in both beauty and history, make unique and creative wall hangings adding a touch of character to every home.

Copyright © The Tapestry House, all rights reserved.

Christine Toner writes on a number of subjects for the Tapestry House including unicorn art.Advertising Hampshire Internet Marketing New
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Drop Down Menus - Be a Flash Menu Master!

Flash websites generally arent known for their ease of use. Nearly every site has a non-standard user interface, which can mean trouble for your surfing guests as they spend precious time getting used to your user interface.

One interface that most people whove used a computer for more than 20 minutes can handle is the drop down menu. Quick and easy to make when you know what your doing, theyre great for sites and projects that are built with expansion in mind. Add another item, add another option in one of the menus.

This example is actually based on a drop down menu flash file that can be found at http://www.jake-man.co.uk/ , a personal site of mine I made about video games consoles. As I collected more consoles, I needed to be able to add them to specific genre, based on the consoles processor. The drop down menu proved a great way to handle this, as I could easily add more items in as and when needed.

The clever part of this drop down menu is the invisible button, one of every flash designers best weapons! No matter what project Im working on, I end up using an invisible button somewhere.

Basically an invisible button is simply a flash button, with no content in the first 3 frames, just one object/shape in the hit area. You can expand on this to add sounds in the over stage, so as a user rolls over the invisible button, a sound plays. There is a lot you can use them for, so its good to start using them as soon as possible.

What do I need before I start?

Youll need Macromedia Flash 5, which is on the cover CD

How hard is it?

Easy a knowledge of buttons and frame labels and movie clips should be all you need.

How long will it take?

10-15 minutes

Walk through: A 14 stage walk through of the software with a grab for each

stage and 50-60 words.

Stage 1

First things first decide the size of your movie, frame rate and background colour. You can change these later, but it may give you some headaches if you drastically change scene sizes.

Ive chosen a black background, a frame rate of 21 fps and a size of 120 pixels wide by 400 pixels tall.

Stage 2

Its time to add our main menu options. For my console-related site, Ive grouped everything by processor. 8 Bit, 16 Bit and so on. Add each menu option as separate pieces of text, might as well choose the font and colour now.

Stage 3

Select the first menu option, and hit F8 (or select Insert>convert to symbol ) and name the movieclip something useful. For the 8 Bit piece of text, Ill name the movieclip text-8bit. Do the same with all the other separate menu option text.

Stage 4

Now select the 8 Bit movie clip, and make another movie clip by hitting F8 again. Name this one menu-8bit. Edit the freshly created menu-8bit by double clicking on it (confusing at first, I know!) in the library and set up the layers as shown in the picture.

Stage 5

Were now ready to start working on how our menu will behave. We need one frame for an inactive menu state, and one frame for when the menu item is clicked on. Add keyframes on frame 5, and add a label named closed in frame 1, and a label named open in frame 10.

Stage 6

We need a little bit of actionscript on these 2 labelled frames, nothing major, just a stop command to keep the movie from rolling along on its own. Add the command to each frame as shown in the picture.

Stage 7

Time to make our invisible button. Create a rectangle in a blank layer underneath the 8 Bit menu option. Select the rectangle and hit F8 again, give the button a name, I suggest button-invisible menu. Edit this button, by double clicking on its name in the library.

Stage 8

Heres the clever part simply grab the keyframe in the up state of the button and drag it over to the hit frame. This should result in a blank keyframe on the up, over and down states, but a rectangle in the hit area.

The button will give no visible feedback in this state, but will act as a hot spot. Great for adding buttons to Photos or artwork

Stage 9

but we want to make a menu. So we need to add something in the rollover frame of the invisible button, so copy the rectangle from the hit area and select Edit>Paste in Place to duplicate the menu. Now you can change the colour, the transparency, add a sound effect etc. Do the same in the down frame too

Stage 10

So we have our menu option in the first frame, complete with a button that needs a script so click on the button once, open the actionscript window, and double click on the Go To command in Basic Actions. Select Type: Frame Label and enter open in the box, and uncheck the Go to And Play box.

Stage 11

In the open frame of our menu, we need to add the list of options that will appear when our 8 Bit menu is clicked on. Ive added a few names of some consoles try and keep the first list item just under where the 8 Bit would appear. Create a new layer at the very bottom and add a background square, so your menu blocks the other options when clicked.

Stage 12

In the layer beneath the menu options in the open frame Im going to drag the button-invisible menu out from the library, one for each menu option and resize them to fit. The script for each of these buttons determines where the user goes when they click in this case, Im simply going to load another web page in a frame, you can see the script in the picture.

Stage 13

Finally, when the user rolls off the menu, we want to return to the closed frame. The best way to make this happen is to have 3 or 4 huge invisible hit areas to catch the users mouse. Create another invisible button as in stage 8, only filling in the hit area, and add the script to the new button as in the picture, then duplicate twice.

Stage 14

Repeat this for each main menu option you need. I followed the whole process 4 times for my menu. Be sure to reuse the invisible buttons as often as possible, as this reduces the final file size of the movie. After all, a simple menu doesnt have to be over 200k!

JP74 Ltd, Digital Agency

Jake Smith is Creative Director for JP74, an interactive digital media company based in Blackburn, Lancashire. For further information see http://www.jp74.com Automotive Optimization Seo
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