How to Take Big Suns in Photography

Sure, these pictures may border on cliches, but they are cliches that never fail to grab us. We're all suckers for that frame-filling drama of Ol' Sol looming large on the horizon.

And we all know how to get those shots of big suns - just shoot the horizon with that fabulously expensive, super-speed, extralow-dispersion glass, apochromatic tele, right?

Wrong. You need a long lens, sure, but it needn't be a budget buster. Some very good 500mm mirror lenses come in under $200, store price. There are all-glass 400mm, 500mm, and 600mm designs from major independents that sell for $300-500. And you can make an existing tele longer by using a teleconverter. That fine 300mm f/4 you bought for nature work, for example, can be converted to a 600mm f/8 with a 2X converter. That's a pretty good focal length for big suns. Using a 3X converter will make a 900mm f/12, and so on.

Besides a tele, you need a sturdy tripod - flimsy travel models need not apply. For one thing, focusing and framing through a long tele is far easier if the rig is well supported. For another thing, even a little shake can blur a long-tele shot.

A spot or limited-area meter helps, although it is not essential. An overall meter reading with an SLR will generally be far too high, resulting in a shot that's too dark - even if the desired effect is a silhouette. Most big-sun shooters use the strategy of spotmetering an area of the sky near but not immediately adjacent to the sun - an area in which some sky tone appears. This will give you a silhouette reading that will still maintain a little shadow detail.

And how do you focus and compose with that big burning disk staring you right in the eye? First, if everything in your frame is a long distance from the camera, setting the lens to infinity is the easiest way to focus without being dazzled. Otherwise, you may prefocuse the camera with the sun just out of the frame. You can often recompose the scene by holding your eye a little away from the finder to avoid being temporarily blinded by the sun.

The best big-sun shots are the ones that don't rely solely on the sun; the big sun, in fact, is best used as a background. The landscape, the harbor scene, the city skyline - each picture should stand on its own for it to work with a big sun behind it.

There is a pitfall here, though. Even with objects at a far distance, they can still be out of the plane of focus of the sun, due to the effective shallow depth of long lenses. Generally, the sun can stand to be a little soft, so try focusing on the nearest large object in the composition. Also, use small apertures and check the depth-of-field preview.

Big-sun shots can, on occasion, be surprisingly colorless; the sky around the sun can range from blank white to dull gray. A filter is called for here, from the standard warming (81A and similar) for a warm sky tone, to amber for richer color, to full orange for an exaggerated effect.

Jan Linden is a professional photographer and designer runs http://www.photos4interior.com/Price Search Engines
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Drop Down Menus - Be a Flash Menu Master!

Flash websites generally arent known for their ease of use. Nearly every site has a non-standard user interface, which can mean trouble for your surfing guests as they spend precious time getting used to your user interface.

One interface that most people whove used a computer for more than 20 minutes can handle is the drop down menu. Quick and easy to make when you know what your doing, theyre great for sites and projects that are built with expansion in mind. Add another item, add another option in one of the menus.

This example is actually based on a drop down menu flash file that can be found at http://www.jake-man.co.uk/ , a personal site of mine I made about video games consoles. As I collected more consoles, I needed to be able to add them to specific genre, based on the consoles processor. The drop down menu proved a great way to handle this, as I could easily add more items in as and when needed.

The clever part of this drop down menu is the invisible button, one of every flash designers best weapons! No matter what project Im working on, I end up using an invisible button somewhere.

Basically an invisible button is simply a flash button, with no content in the first 3 frames, just one object/shape in the hit area. You can expand on this to add sounds in the over stage, so as a user rolls over the invisible button, a sound plays. There is a lot you can use them for, so its good to start using them as soon as possible.

What do I need before I start?

Youll need Macromedia Flash 5, which is on the cover CD

How hard is it?

Easy a knowledge of buttons and frame labels and movie clips should be all you need.

How long will it take?

10-15 minutes

Walk through: A 14 stage walk through of the software with a grab for each

stage and 50-60 words.

Stage 1

First things first decide the size of your movie, frame rate and background colour. You can change these later, but it may give you some headaches if you drastically change scene sizes.

Ive chosen a black background, a frame rate of 21 fps and a size of 120 pixels wide by 400 pixels tall.

Stage 2

Its time to add our main menu options. For my console-related site, Ive grouped everything by processor. 8 Bit, 16 Bit and so on. Add each menu option as separate pieces of text, might as well choose the font and colour now.

Stage 3

Select the first menu option, and hit F8 (or select Insert>convert to symbol ) and name the movieclip something useful. For the 8 Bit piece of text, Ill name the movieclip text-8bit. Do the same with all the other separate menu option text.

Stage 4

Now select the 8 Bit movie clip, and make another movie clip by hitting F8 again. Name this one menu-8bit. Edit the freshly created menu-8bit by double clicking on it (confusing at first, I know!) in the library and set up the layers as shown in the picture.

Stage 5

Were now ready to start working on how our menu will behave. We need one frame for an inactive menu state, and one frame for when the menu item is clicked on. Add keyframes on frame 5, and add a label named closed in frame 1, and a label named open in frame 10.

Stage 6

We need a little bit of actionscript on these 2 labelled frames, nothing major, just a stop command to keep the movie from rolling along on its own. Add the command to each frame as shown in the picture.

Stage 7

Time to make our invisible button. Create a rectangle in a blank layer underneath the 8 Bit menu option. Select the rectangle and hit F8 again, give the button a name, I suggest button-invisible menu. Edit this button, by double clicking on its name in the library.

Stage 8

Heres the clever part simply grab the keyframe in the up state of the button and drag it over to the hit frame. This should result in a blank keyframe on the up, over and down states, but a rectangle in the hit area.

The button will give no visible feedback in this state, but will act as a hot spot. Great for adding buttons to Photos or artwork

Stage 9

but we want to make a menu. So we need to add something in the rollover frame of the invisible button, so copy the rectangle from the hit area and select Edit>Paste in Place to duplicate the menu. Now you can change the colour, the transparency, add a sound effect etc. Do the same in the down frame too

Stage 10

So we have our menu option in the first frame, complete with a button that needs a script so click on the button once, open the actionscript window, and double click on the Go To command in Basic Actions. Select Type: Frame Label and enter open in the box, and uncheck the Go to And Play box.

Stage 11

In the open frame of our menu, we need to add the list of options that will appear when our 8 Bit menu is clicked on. Ive added a few names of some consoles try and keep the first list item just under where the 8 Bit would appear. Create a new layer at the very bottom and add a background square, so your menu blocks the other options when clicked.

Stage 12

In the layer beneath the menu options in the open frame Im going to drag the button-invisible menu out from the library, one for each menu option and resize them to fit. The script for each of these buttons determines where the user goes when they click in this case, Im simply going to load another web page in a frame, you can see the script in the picture.

Stage 13

Finally, when the user rolls off the menu, we want to return to the closed frame. The best way to make this happen is to have 3 or 4 huge invisible hit areas to catch the users mouse. Create another invisible button as in stage 8, only filling in the hit area, and add the script to the new button as in the picture, then duplicate twice.

Stage 14

Repeat this for each main menu option you need. I followed the whole process 4 times for my menu. Be sure to reuse the invisible buttons as often as possible, as this reduces the final file size of the movie. After all, a simple menu doesnt have to be over 200k!

JP74 Ltd, Digital Agency

Jake Smith is Creative Director for JP74, an interactive digital media company based in Blackburn, Lancashire. For further information see http://www.jp74.com Image Spamming
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